Abdullah Al-Haqim 
A team of scientists discovered unique sub -types of fatty cells in the human body, and by detecting their functions, they found that cells may play a role in obesity, according to the “Live Science” website, quoting “Nature Genetics”.
Scientists said that the results of the new research can theoretically open ways for new treatments to alleviate the effects of obesity, such as inflammation or insulin resistance.
Finding these sub -species – from fat – is very surprising, which opens all kinds of possible future work. “
The results indicate that the fat cells are “more diverse and complicated than we previously believed,” said Daniel Perry, a professor of nutrition science at Cornell University who did not participate in the study, for the “Live Science” website.
Over the past few decades, research has shown that the fatty tissues do much more than just storing excessive energy in the body. For example, fat cells, which are also called fat cells, and immune cells in harmony to communicate with the brain, muscles and liver. This in turn helps in regulating appetite, metabolism and body weight, as it is involved in related diseases.
“If there is an error there,” said Yigger Ltimim, “it affects other places in the body.”
Scientists have also known that excessive fat load is associated with the risk of healthy diseases. However, one of the many aspects of obesity that has confused scientists is that all fats are not equal.
Osteral fats
Violent fats, i.e. the fat cells that are found in the abdomen near the internal organs, are associated with a greater risk of developing various health problems compared to the fat under the skin, known as the subcutaneous fat. For example, excess zeal fats come with an increased risk of heart attacks, stroke, diabetes, insulin resistance and liver disease. Studies also indicate that the “more inflammation” of the subcutaneous fats, which can probably contribute to obesity -related health.
Atlas of body cells
To better understand what may happen inside the fatty tissue, researchers drew a “cellular atlas” of fat cells as part of the atlas of human cells, a global project aimed at drawing a map of all cells in the human body.
The researchers built this map using the SNRNA SEQ, which measures active genes and to any degree by looking at the RNA, a molecular cousin of DNA. The drained oxygen DNA molecules work as preliminary protein models, where the instructions are transmitted from DNA in the cell nucleus to protein construction sites. By measuring the drained oxygen dNA in the cell nuclei extracted from the fatty tissue, the team collected evidence about what each cell does inside the tissues.
Non -classical fat
The researchers examined subcutaneous and visceral samples collected from 15 people during optional abdominal surgeries. Most of the fatty cells were somewhat “classic” – which means that storage of extra energy was the main purpose of them. But a small percentage of fat cells was “non -classic”, as the DNA is suggested that they are carried out by functions that are not usually associated with fat cells.
Functional
Among these cells were “blood vessels generating cells”, which usually carry the proteins used to enhance the formation of blood vessels; And “immunosuppressive cells”, which make proteins associated with immune cell functions; And “the fat cells in the matrix outside the cell”, which are associated with scaffolding proteins that help support cell structures. These sub -species of cells, which are found in both visceral and under the skin, were also confirmed under a microscope.
White balance
In an email to “Live Science”, Niklas Meghart, a professor of endocrinology at the Carolinska Institute in Sweden, who did not participate in the study, pointed out in an email to “Live Science”, that “this sophisticated application” of the Snrna series indicates that these cells may play a role in “reshaping” the fatty tissue. The re -formation here indicates the way the fatty tissue changes in response to weight fluctuations or metabolic changes. Meghart said that “healthy” reinstitation would help maintain a metaphor, but if its organization is disrupted, inflammation and other poor health engines in obesity may stimulate obesity.
Immune cell connection
The study also monitored differences in the newly described cell types depending on the tissues that were taken from them. Yigger Ltim said that unconventional fatty cells of visceral fats seem more likely to communicate with the immune system than those in the skin of the skin. This association with immune cells indicates that the sub -types of cells may play a role in stimulating the inflammatory nature of vasral fats, which can help explain the reason why belly fat is worse for health. The data also indicated that donor with fatty tissue with high insulin resistance tends to have a higher concentration than these unconventional cells in visceral fats compared to people with insulin resistance.
Human diseases
Yigger Lootem said that if these sub -types of fat can be linked to human diseases, understanding how they work can “help fight inflammatory processes,” said Yigger Latum. She added that this could help doctors predict the risk of insulin resistance in people with obesity, assuming that all points are connected.
Perry warned that the study used a relatively small sample size, and that at this stage it indicates only and not conclusively that the fat cells have these unusual functions. But he said, “These ideas highlight the importance of understanding the unique behaviors of fat warehouses to develop targeted treatments for obesity and relevant diseases.”
