Abdullah Al-Haqim 
I warn study New that global warming endangers a large part of the production of global food, with low -hand -lines areas offered to the most severe consequences.
In the study, which was published on the third of March in the “Nature Food” magazine, the authors discussed how high temperatures, changes in rainfalls, and increasing drought over the cultivation of 30 main food crops around the world will affect.
“Loss of diversity means less options for agriculture, which may reduce food security and limit access to calories and basic proteins,” says the main researcher in the study, Sarah Hekonin, a doctoral researcher in the Department of the Environment Building at Alto University in Finland, in statements to Al -Jazeera Net.
According to the study, half of the agricultural spaces in tropical areas can become unimportant if temperatures continue to rise. These areas will also suffer from a sharp decrease in the diversity of crops, which threatens food security and makes it difficult for the population to obtain basic nutrients.
Basic crops are in danger
The study highlights that global warming will lead to a significant decrease in the appropriate agricultural lands for basic crops such as rice, corn, wheat, potatoes and soybeans.
These crops provide more than two -thirds of the global food energy. Tropical root crops, such as yam, which is a basic source of food security in many low -income countries, is among the most affected.
“In the sub -Saharan Africa, which will be the most affected, nearly three quarters of the current food production may become at risk if temperatures exceed 3 degrees Celsius,” Heikoon said, noting that the countries of North Africa and the Middle East in the Sahara will be among the most affected areas of climate change.
On the other hand, areas with medium and high latitudes, such as parts of North America, Europe and Russia, may maintain their agricultural production, and may even witness an expansion of their cultivation. However, the types of cultivated crops will change, as moderate fruits such as pear can become more common in the northern regions with changing climatic conditions.
The researcher notes that although some areas may witness an improvement in the climatic conditions of agriculture, climate change brings with it other challenges.
“Our study shows that there are agricultural capabilities in some areas, but there are other factors such as the spread of new lesions and extremist air phenomena that can pose major threats, as Hikonin explained.
A global problem requires a unified response
Moreover, many countries in low latitudes are already suffering from food lack, economic instability and agricultural resources deficiency.
The study recommends the need to improve access to fertilizers and irrigation and store food to reduce some of these risks. But according to the researcher, long -term solutions will require significant changes in policies and investments in climate adaptation strategies.
“In many tropical areas, crop productivity is much lower compared to other areas with similar climatic conditions. Productivity can be improved through better agricultural techniques and advanced infrastructure, but climate change adds more challenges, which requires additional measures, such as choosing more resistant crops and improving crossbreeding methods,” Hekonin said.
Although the most dangerous effects of climate change on food production will occur in tropical areas, the study confirms that the global diet is interconnected. The high temperatures, extremist air phenomena, and the change of agricultural areas, will all affect food prices, supply and international trade chains.
“If we want to secure our global diet, we must take urgent measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the changing conditions. Even if the largest impacts in tropical areas, we will all feel their repercussions through global food markets. This is a problem that requires us to work together to confront them.”
